Act Governing the Allocation of Government Revenues and Expenditures
1999-01-25
手機睡眠
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Chapter 1: General Principles
Article 1
This Act is adopted in accordance with the relevant articles of Chapters X and XIII of the Constitution of the Republic of China (Taiwan).
Article 2
The allocation, adjustment, and classification of revenues and expenditures for public finance by governments at all levels in the Republic of China shall be as prescribed in this Act.
Article 3
The divisions of the national system for government revenues and expenditures are as follows:
1. The central government.
2. Special municipalities.
3. Counties and county-level cities.
4. Townships/cities.
1. The central government.
2. Special municipalities.
3. Counties and county-level cities.
4. Townships/cities.
Article 4
The classifications of revenues and expenditures in public finance at each level of government are provided in Appendix 1 and Appendix 2.
- Appendix 1：Schedule of Revenue Classifications.pdf
- Appendix 2：Schedule of Expenditure Classifications.pdf
Article 5
Oversight of revenues and expenditures in public finance at each level of government shall be as provided for by law.
Chapter 2: Revenues
Section 1: Tax revenues
Article 6
Tax levies are divided into national, special municipality, and county (or county-level city) taxes.
Article 7
Legislation by special municipalities, counties or county-level cities, and townships/cities for the purpose of levying taxes is restricted to legislation for which this Act expressly provides, and shall conform with the Act Governing Local Tax Regulations.
Article 8
The following taxes are national taxes:
1. Income tax.
2. Estate and gift tax.
3. Customs duties.
4. Business tax.
5. Commodity tax.
6. Tobacco and alcohol tax.
7. Securities transaction tax.
8. Futures transaction tax.
9. Mining concession tax.
Ten percent of the total revenue from the income tax of Subparagraph 1 of the preceding paragraph, 40 percent of the total revenue from the business tax of Subparagraph 4 after the deduction of duly appropriated Uniform Invoice Prizes, and 10 percent of the total revenue from the commodity tax of Subparagraph 5 shall be redistributed from the central government to the special municipalities, counties and townships/cities.
Fifty percent of the revenue from the estate and gift tax of Subparagraph 2 , Paragraph 1 that is collected in a special municipality shall be returned to the respective municipality; 80 percent of the revenue from such tax that is collected in a county-level city shall be returned to the respective county-level city; and 80 percent of the revenue from such tax that is collected in a township/city shall be returned to that township/city.
Eighteen percent of the total revenue from the tobacco and alcohol tax of Subparagraph 6, Paragraph 1 shall be distributed among the special municipalities and the counties and county-level cities of Taiwan Province, in proportion to their populations; two percent of the total revenue shall be distributed to Kinmen County and Lienchiang County of Fujian Province, in proportion to their populations.
1. Income tax.
2. Estate and gift tax.
3. Customs duties.
4. Business tax.
5. Commodity tax.
6. Tobacco and alcohol tax.
7. Securities transaction tax.
8. Futures transaction tax.
9. Mining concession tax.
Ten percent of the total revenue from the income tax of Subparagraph 1 of the preceding paragraph, 40 percent of the total revenue from the business tax of Subparagraph 4 after the deduction of duly appropriated Uniform Invoice Prizes, and 10 percent of the total revenue from the commodity tax of Subparagraph 5 shall be redistributed from the central government to the special municipalities, counties and townships/cities.
Fifty percent of the revenue from the estate and gift tax of Subparagraph 2 , Paragraph 1 that is collected in a special municipality shall be returned to the respective municipality; 80 percent of the revenue from such tax that is collected in a county-level city shall be returned to the respective county-level city; and 80 percent of the revenue from such tax that is collected in a township/city shall be returned to that township/city.
Eighteen percent of the total revenue from the tobacco and alcohol tax of Subparagraph 6, Paragraph 1 shall be distributed among the special municipalities and the counties and county-level cities of Taiwan Province, in proportion to their populations; two percent of the total revenue shall be distributed to Kinmen County and Lienchiang County of Fujian Province, in proportion to their populations.
Article 9
(deleted)
Article 10
(deleted)
Article 11
(deleted)
Article 12
The following taxes are special municipality and county and county-level city taxes:
1. Land tax, which includes the following:
(1) Land value tax
(2) Agricultural land tax
(3) Land value increment tax.
2. House tax.
3. Vehicle license tax.
4. Deed tax.
5. Stamp tax.
6. Amusement tax.
7. Special tax levies.
A county shall return 30 percent of the total revenue from the land value tax of Item 1, Subparagraph 1 that is collected in a given township/city to the respective township/city, and shall redistribute a further 20 percent of the total revenue so collected among the townships/cities of the county; a county shall return all of the total revenues from the agricultural land tax of Item 2, Subparagraph 1 that are collected in a given township/city to the respective township/city; 20 percent of the revenues from the land value increment tax of Item 3, Subparagraph 1 that are collected in counties and county-level cities shall be transferred to the central government for redistribution among counties and county-level cities.
A county shall return 40 percent of the revenue from the house tax of Subparagraph 2, Paragraph 1 that is collected in a given township/city of the county to the respective township/city, and shall redistribute a further 20 percent of the total revenues so collected to the county's townships/cities.
A county shall return 80 percent of the revenue from the deed tax of Subparagraph 4, Paragraph 1 that is collected in a given township/city of the county to the respective township/city, and shall redistribute 20 percent of the total revenue so collected to the county's townships/cities.
A county shall return all of the revenue from the amusement tax of Subparagraph 6, Paragraph 1 that is collected in a given township/city to the respective township/city.
The term "special tax levies" of Subparagraph 7, Paragraph 1 refers to taxes levied through legislation by local legislative bodies in response to the requirements of local self-government. Such legislation, however, may not levy further taxes on items to which commodity tax or Tobacco and alcohol tax already apply.
1. Land tax, which includes the following:
(1) Land value tax
(2) Agricultural land tax
(3) Land value increment tax.
2. House tax.
3. Vehicle license tax.
4. Deed tax.
5. Stamp tax.
6. Amusement tax.
7. Special tax levies.
A county shall return 30 percent of the total revenue from the land value tax of Item 1, Subparagraph 1 that is collected in a given township/city to the respective township/city, and shall redistribute a further 20 percent of the total revenue so collected among the townships/cities of the county; a county shall return all of the total revenues from the agricultural land tax of Item 2, Subparagraph 1 that are collected in a given township/city to the respective township/city; 20 percent of the revenues from the land value increment tax of Item 3, Subparagraph 1 that are collected in counties and county-level cities shall be transferred to the central government for redistribution among counties and county-level cities.
A county shall return 40 percent of the revenue from the house tax of Subparagraph 2, Paragraph 1 that is collected in a given township/city of the county to the respective township/city, and shall redistribute a further 20 percent of the total revenues so collected to the county's townships/cities.
A county shall return 80 percent of the revenue from the deed tax of Subparagraph 4, Paragraph 1 that is collected in a given township/city of the county to the respective township/city, and shall redistribute 20 percent of the total revenue so collected to the county's townships/cities.
A county shall return all of the revenue from the amusement tax of Subparagraph 6, Paragraph 1 that is collected in a given township/city to the respective township/city.
The term "special tax levies" of Subparagraph 7, Paragraph 1 refers to taxes levied through legislation by local legislative bodies in response to the requirements of local self-government. Such legislation, however, may not levy further taxes on items to which commodity tax or Tobacco and alcohol tax already apply.
Article 13
(deleted)
Article 14
(deleted)
Article 15
(deleted)
Article 16
(deleted)
Article 16-1
The redistribution of tax revenues pursuant to the relevant provisions of Paragraph 2, Article 8 and Paragraphs 2 to 4, Article 12 shall be based on the principles of transparency and the application of formulas. The local governments that receive the redistributions shall recognize the amounts so received as current-year tax revenues.
The regulations that govern the redistribution of tax funds from the central government to the special municipalities, counties and county-level cities, and townships/cities shall conform with each of the following subparagraphs. The regulations shall be drafted by the Ministry of Finance following consultation with the central authority for budgeting, accounting, and statistics and the local governments receiving the distributions, and shall be submitted to the Executive Yuan for approval:
1. Six percent of the total amount of tax funds redistributed by the central government to special municipalities, counties and county-level cities, and townships/cities pursuant to Paragraph 2, Article 8 shall be recognized as "special centrally-funded tax revenues." The remaining 94 percent shall be recognized as "general centrally-funded tax revenues." Both categories of tax funds shall be distributed at specific ratios to special municipalities, counties and county-level cities, and townships/cities.
2. The full amount of tax funds redistributed from the central government to counties and county-level cities in accordance with the latter part of Paragraph 2, Article 12 shall be recognized as "general centrally-funded tax revenues."
3. The "special centrally-funded tax revenues" of Subparagraph 1 shall be provided to local governments that receive the distributions as necessary funding support for use in emergencies and other major matters. The funds will be distributed by the Executive Yuan based on actual circumstances.
4. After a determination that the "general centrally-funded tax revenues" of Subparagraph 1 are funds that can be provided for distribution to special municipalities, factors shall be considered relating to the special municipalities in the preceding fiscal years, such as the sales revenues of business units, the municipalities' fiscal capabilities, and their populations and land areas, in order to develop a formula for the distribution of the funds.
5. After a determination that the "general centrally-funded tax revenues" of Subparagraphs 1 and 2 are funds that can be provided for distribution to counties and county-level cities, they shall be distributed based on the following formula:
(1) Eighty-five percent of the funds that can be provided for distribution to counties and county-level cities shall be allocated according to ratios determined by calculating the average difference, during the preceding three fiscal years, between the basic fiscal needs and basic fiscal revenues of each of the counties and county-level cities receiving the allocations. The ratios for allocation thus calculated shall be re-examined and adjusted every three years.
(2) Fifteen percent of the funds that can be provided for distribution to counties and county-level cities shall be allocated according to ratios determined by calculating the sales revenues of business units within the jurisdictions of each of the given counties and county-level cities.
6. After a determination that the general centrally-funded tax revenues under Subparagraph 1 can be distributed to townships/cities, a formula shall be developed for distribution of the funds to each of the townships/cities in consideration of personnel expenses for formal civil servants and their basic infrastructure needs.
The standards for and method of calculating the "fiscal capability" of Subparagraph 4 of the preceding paragraph and the "basic fiscal needs and basic fiscal revenues" of Item 1, Subparagraph 5 shall be expressly provided in the regulations governing the redistribution of tax funds from the central government provided in the preceding paragraph. Kinmen County and Lienchiang County of Fujian Province shall be considered separately.
A county government shall adopt regulations, based on the principal of adjustments for fiscal surpluses or shortages, to govern the redistribution of funds from the county to townships/cities under Paragraphs 2 through 4, Article 12. Funds that are redistributed according to formula may not be less than 90 percent of the total funds available for redistribution.
The regulations that govern the redistribution of tax funds from the central government to the special municipalities, counties and county-level cities, and townships/cities shall conform with each of the following subparagraphs. The regulations shall be drafted by the Ministry of Finance following consultation with the central authority for budgeting, accounting, and statistics and the local governments receiving the distributions, and shall be submitted to the Executive Yuan for approval:
1. Six percent of the total amount of tax funds redistributed by the central government to special municipalities, counties and county-level cities, and townships/cities pursuant to Paragraph 2, Article 8 shall be recognized as "special centrally-funded tax revenues." The remaining 94 percent shall be recognized as "general centrally-funded tax revenues." Both categories of tax funds shall be distributed at specific ratios to special municipalities, counties and county-level cities, and townships/cities.
2. The full amount of tax funds redistributed from the central government to counties and county-level cities in accordance with the latter part of Paragraph 2, Article 12 shall be recognized as "general centrally-funded tax revenues."
3. The "special centrally-funded tax revenues" of Subparagraph 1 shall be provided to local governments that receive the distributions as necessary funding support for use in emergencies and other major matters. The funds will be distributed by the Executive Yuan based on actual circumstances.
4. After a determination that the "general centrally-funded tax revenues" of Subparagraph 1 are funds that can be provided for distribution to special municipalities, factors shall be considered relating to the special municipalities in the preceding fiscal years, such as the sales revenues of business units, the municipalities' fiscal capabilities, and their populations and land areas, in order to develop a formula for the distribution of the funds.
5. After a determination that the "general centrally-funded tax revenues" of Subparagraphs 1 and 2 are funds that can be provided for distribution to counties and county-level cities, they shall be distributed based on the following formula:
(1) Eighty-five percent of the funds that can be provided for distribution to counties and county-level cities shall be allocated according to ratios determined by calculating the average difference, during the preceding three fiscal years, between the basic fiscal needs and basic fiscal revenues of each of the counties and county-level cities receiving the allocations. The ratios for allocation thus calculated shall be re-examined and adjusted every three years.
(2) Fifteen percent of the funds that can be provided for distribution to counties and county-level cities shall be allocated according to ratios determined by calculating the sales revenues of business units within the jurisdictions of each of the given counties and county-level cities.
6. After a determination that the general centrally-funded tax revenues under Subparagraph 1 can be distributed to townships/cities, a formula shall be developed for distribution of the funds to each of the townships/cities in consideration of personnel expenses for formal civil servants and their basic infrastructure needs.
The standards for and method of calculating the "fiscal capability" of Subparagraph 4 of the preceding paragraph and the "basic fiscal needs and basic fiscal revenues" of Item 1, Subparagraph 5 shall be expressly provided in the regulations governing the redistribution of tax funds from the central government provided in the preceding paragraph. Kinmen County and Lienchiang County of Fujian Province shall be considered separately.
A county government shall adopt regulations, based on the principal of adjustments for fiscal surpluses or shortages, to govern the redistribution of funds from the county to townships/cities under Paragraphs 2 through 4, Article 12. Funds that are redistributed according to formula may not be less than 90 percent of the total funds available for redistribution.
Article 17
(deleted)
Article 18
No government at any level may impose a double tax or a surtax on the tax levies of another government at the same level or any other level. This restriction does not apply, however, to the governments of special municipalities, counties, and county-level cities when, to raise the necessary financing to manage self-government matters, they impose a surtax in accordance with the Act Governing Local Tax Regulations.
No local government at any level may impose an entry tax or a transit tax on goods that enter or pass through its jurisdiction.
No local government at any level may impose an entry tax or a transit tax on goods that enter or pass through its jurisdiction.
Article 19
A government at any level, in order to meet special needs, may impose a provisional tax levy through legislation by the representative body at that level.
Section 2: Revenues from monopoly utilities and monopoly sales
Article 20
A government at any level, having obtained permission by law, may operate a monopoly public utility, and may duly impose a franchise fee and permit a private party to operate the utility.
The area supplied by a monopoly public enterprise operated by a local government shall be limited to the area under that government's jurisdiction, provided that a stipulation to expand the area supplied may be made by agreement with the local government of a neighboring area.
The area supplied by a monopoly public enterprise operated by a local government shall be limited to the area under that government's jurisdiction, provided that a stipulation to expand the area supplied may be made by agreement with the local government of a neighboring area.
Article 21
The central government, in order to increase national treasury revenues or to control the costs of production, may sell monopoly goods in accordance with the provisions of law, and may manufacture such goods.
Section 3: Revenues from community development fees assessed on construction projects
Article 22
When there is construction of roads, levees, ditches, harbors and piers, or other land and water improvement projects within the jurisdiction of a government at any level, that government may collect fees from any real estate or ship that directly benefits from the construction.
Collection of fees on construction profits under the preceding paragraph shall be limited to the actual amount of expense directly and indirectly incurred in the given construction project. If the expense for the construction is financed by borrowing, the collection of the fees shall be limited to the amount required for full payment of the borrowed funds and the interest on those funds. However, if continued maintenance is required for the given construction project, fees may continue to be collected in accordance with the required maintenance.
Construction projects and the collection of fees on construction profits may be undertaken only after the requisite budgetary procedures have been carried out.
Collection of fees on construction profits under the preceding paragraph shall be limited to the actual amount of expense directly and indirectly incurred in the given construction project. If the expense for the construction is financed by borrowing, the collection of the fees shall be limited to the amount required for full payment of the borrowed funds and the interest on those funds. However, if continued maintenance is required for the given construction project, fees may continue to be collected in accordance with the required maintenance.
Construction projects and the collection of fees on construction profits may be undertaken only after the requisite budgetary procedures have been carried out.
Section 4: Revenue from fines and compensation
Article 23
Except as otherwise provided by law, any lawfully collected criminal or administrative fine, confiscated property, or revenue from compensation shall be placed in the respective government treasury of the given level of government.
Section 5: Revenues from charges and fees
Article 24
The charges and fees of judicial bodies, examination bodies, and the administrative agencies at various levels of government shall be collected as provided by law. If not provided by law, charges and fees may not be collected except by the prior passage of a resolution by the relevant legislative or representative body approving the specific charge or fee.
Article 25
Except as otherwise provided by law, charges and fees collected by any public enterprise organization shall be approved first by the highest-level authority for the given enterprise and placed in the government treasury of the given level of government after the requisite budgetary procedures have been carried out.
Section 6: Trust management revenue
Article 26
A government at any level and the agencies subordinate to it, when lawfully engaging in trust management or managing a trust on behalf of another party, may collect trust management fees.
Section 7: Property revenue
Article 27
Except as otherwise provided by law, interest generated by assets owned by a government at any level, the sale price of assets sold by it, and capital recovered by it, shall be placed in the government treasury of the given level of government.
Article 28
The sale of real estate or important assets by any level of government shall be done in accordance with the law. Except as otherwise provided by law, items generated by assets owned by a public agency, or surplus or waste items among the items used by that agency, may be sold at the current market price after a request to do so has been approved by a superior competent authority.
Section 8: Operating surpluses, donations and contributions, and other revenues
Article 29
Except as otherwise provided by law, operating surpluses, donations and contributions received, and other lawful revenues received at any level of government shall be placed in the respective government treasury of that level of government.
Section 9: Subsidy and assistance revenue
Article 30
The central government, in seeking balanced development of the national economy, may consider providing subsidies to local governments, provided that such subsidies are limited to the following:
1. Programs whose benefits will be broad in scope, while also having goals that are comprehensive in nature.
2. Infrastructure projects whose scope extends beyond a special municipality, county or county-level city, or spans two or more counties or county-level cities.
3. Major infrastructure projects that will serve in a demonstration capacity.
4. Matters in which the cooperation of the local government is needed for major central government policies or infrastructure projects.
Regulations governing subsidies provided under each of the subparagraphs of the preceding paragraph shall be adopted by the Executive Yuan.
1. Programs whose benefits will be broad in scope, while also having goals that are comprehensive in nature.
2. Infrastructure projects whose scope extends beyond a special municipality, county or county-level city, or spans two or more counties or county-level cities.
3. Major infrastructure projects that will serve in a demonstration capacity.
4. Matters in which the cooperation of the local government is needed for major central government policies or infrastructure projects.
Regulations governing subsidies provided under each of the subparagraphs of the preceding paragraph shall be adopted by the Executive Yuan.
Article 31
A county government, in seeking balanced development of townships/cities, may consider providing subsidies to those townships/cities. The regulations governing such subsidies shall be separately adopted by the county government.
Article 32
(deleted)
Article 33
Any higher-level government, to respond to special needs, may obtain assistance funding from lower-level governments with relatively strong fiscal capabilities.
The "assistance funding" of the preceding paragraph shall be recognized in the budgets of each of the given lower-level governments.
The "assistance funding" of the preceding paragraph shall be recognized in the budgets of each of the given lower-level governments.
Section 10: Government bonds and government borrowing
Article 34
No government at any level may issue government bonds, or engage in borrowing from a domestic or foreign source with a repayment period of one year or more, except as provided by law or by passage of a resolution in the relevant legislative body.
The limits on outstanding debt in the form of government bonds or loans under the preceding paragraph shall be determined in accordance with the Public Debt Act.
A local government at any level shall first receive approval from the central government before issuing government bonds or borrowing funds abroad.
The limits on outstanding debt in the form of government bonds or loans under the preceding paragraph shall be determined in accordance with the Public Debt Act.
A local government at any level shall first receive approval from the central government before issuing government bonds or borrowing funds abroad.
Chapter 3: Expenditures
Article 35
No expenditure may be made by a government at any level except through requisite budgetary procedures.
Article 35-1
Except as otherwise provided by other laws, the standards for planning, compilation, and common expenses with respect to the revenues and expenditures in annual general budgets, additional budgets, and special budgets at all governmental levels shall be in accordance with the Principles for Planning and Compilation of Central and Local Government Budgets adopted by the Executive Yuan.
When a local government fails to comply with the Principles for Planning and Compilation of Central and Local Government Budgets under the preceding paragraph, or when it is allowed by law to collect revenues from a particular source but fails to do so, its superior government shall consider reducing the budgeting or allocation of subsidies to that local government as merited by the actual circumstances; when a local government has a record of successfully developing sources of revenue, its superior government may consider increasing subsidies to it.
When a local government fails to comply with the Principles for Planning and Compilation of Central and Local Government Budgets under the preceding paragraph, or when it is allowed by law to collect revenues from a particular source but fails to do so, its superior government shall consider reducing the budgeting or allocation of subsidies to that local government as merited by the actual circumstances; when a local government has a record of successfully developing sources of revenue, its superior government may consider increasing subsidies to it.
Article 36
The expenses incurred by persons exercising political powers within the administrative regions of governments at all levels shall be borne by their respective governments.
Article 37
The division of expenditures at various levels of government is as follows:
1. Expenditures arising from legislation enacted and administered by the central government are the responsibility of the central government.
2. Expenditures arising from legislation enacted and administered by special municipalities are the responsibility of the special municipalities.
3. Expenditures arising from legislation enacted and administered by counties and county-level cities are the responsibility of the counties and county-level cities.
4. Expenditures arising from legislation enacted and administered by townships/cities are the responsibility of the townships/cities.
If the matters under Subparagraphs 1 and 3 of the preceding paragraph must be administered by a lower-level government, then except as otherwise provided by law, the expenses of administration for the commissioned matters shall be borne by the commissioning agency; for self-government matters, expenses shall be borne by the given local government.
When the above matters are administered jointly by two or more governments at the same or at different levels, whether the central government or the governments of special municipalities, counties or county-level cities, or townships/cities, a proportional share of the cost of administration shall be borne respectively by the central government or by each respective special municipality, county or county-level city, or township/city.
When a local government at any level fails to bear expenses as required by Paragraphs 2 and 3 above, its superior government may deduct those expenses from the subsidies it provides to the local government.
1. Expenditures arising from legislation enacted and administered by the central government are the responsibility of the central government.
2. Expenditures arising from legislation enacted and administered by special municipalities are the responsibility of the special municipalities.
3. Expenditures arising from legislation enacted and administered by counties and county-level cities are the responsibility of the counties and county-level cities.
4. Expenditures arising from legislation enacted and administered by townships/cities are the responsibility of the townships/cities.
If the matters under Subparagraphs 1 and 3 of the preceding paragraph must be administered by a lower-level government, then except as otherwise provided by law, the expenses of administration for the commissioned matters shall be borne by the commissioning agency; for self-government matters, expenses shall be borne by the given local government.
When the above matters are administered jointly by two or more governments at the same or at different levels, whether the central government or the governments of special municipalities, counties or county-level cities, or townships/cities, a proportional share of the cost of administration shall be borne respectively by the central government or by each respective special municipality, county or county-level city, or township/city.
When a local government at any level fails to bear expenses as required by Paragraphs 2 and 3 above, its superior government may deduct those expenses from the subsidies it provides to the local government.
Article 37-1
A local government shall give priority to funding for each of the following expenditures from its basic fiscal revenues and other recurring revenues:
1. The allotted number of persons on its staff and the personnel and related expenses officially ratified by a higher level of government.
2. General recurring expenditures, management and upkeep of public facilities, and expenses it is obligated to bear by law.
3. Expenses for basic local facilities or small-scale construction.
4. Expenses for other local matters that the local government is obligated to carry out.
When a local government, after complying with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, finds its revenues are insufficient for the required expenditures, it shall give priority to the above expenditures when using the centrally-funded tax revenues that have been allocated to it.
1. The allotted number of persons on its staff and the personnel and related expenses officially ratified by a higher level of government.
2. General recurring expenditures, management and upkeep of public facilities, and expenses it is obligated to bear by law.
3. Expenses for basic local facilities or small-scale construction.
4. Expenses for other local matters that the local government is obligated to carry out.
When a local government, after complying with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, finds its revenues are insufficient for the required expenditures, it shall give priority to the above expenditures when using the centrally-funded tax revenues that have been allocated to it.
Article 38
When the administration of matters by a government at any level is delegated to a government at the same or another level, the related expenses shall be borne by the delegating agency.
Article 38-1
When a government or legislative body at any level enacts, adopts, or amends laws or self-governing regulations, that would lead to a reduction in its revenues, it shall at the same time make sufficient plans for an alternative source of revenue; if it must increase its fiscal burden, it shall make sufficient plans in advance for related expenses, or, at the time of legislation, shall expressly provide for a corresponding source of revenue.
Chapter 4: Supplemental Provisions
Article 38-2
The date of enforcement of Articles 8, 12, and 16-1 as amended on January 13, 1999 shall be determined by an order of the Executive Yuan.
Article 39
This Act, unless a separate date of enforcement has been provided, shall be enforced from the date of promulgation.